强化堆肥中木质纤维素降解的功能菌株筛选鉴定

摘要

Three bacterial strains had been screened from soil, straw and cattle manure by various screening criterions which had capacity and potential of ligocellulose degradation, temperature-rising and deodorization. According to the morphologi-cal, cultural feature, physiological and biochemical features and 16S rDNA sequencing, the three bacterial strains were identi-fied as Bacillus sp. . The experimental results of compost functional verification showed that which addition with these three bacterial strains, the degradation rates of cellulose, hemicelloluse and lignin in compost were 31. 31%, 19. 57% and 14. 33%higher than those of control, respectively, and the germination rate was 93. 3% which was higher than control by 36. 6%. So these three bacterial strains had potential of promoting ligocellulose degradation and improving maturity in cattle manure com-post. It was predicted that Bacillus sp. X9, Bacillus sp. L1 and Bacillus sp. L8 had promising prospects of being applied in improving the resource utilization of cattle manure in larger scale or utilized in other livestock and poultry manure compost.%采用多种筛选相结合的方法，从土壤、秸秆、牛粪等不同来源的样品中分离得到3株具有木质纤维素降解能力的细菌，其同时具有使堆肥快速升温和有效除臭潜力。经菌体形态观察、生理生化分析及16S rDNA鉴定，此3株细菌均属于Bacillus sp.。堆肥功能验证试验结果表明，添加此3株功能菌可使堆肥中纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的降解率分别比对照提高31．31%、19．57%和14．33%；堆肥结束时的发芽率达到93．3%，高出对照36．6%。此3株功能细菌具有很好的促进堆肥中木质纤维素降解和提高堆肥腐熟度的能力，可以考虑将其应用于较大规模的牛粪或其他畜禽粪便的堆肥处理。