金融危机对拉美国家私营养老金的影响及经验启示

摘要

The financial crisis which happened in 2008 has produced important influence on global economy, so as the private pension funds in latin american countries. This paper introduces pension tired system and summary in Latin American countries, then analysis the impact of financial crisis on it from change in asset value, pension fund return, evolution of pension fund investment portfolio, workers reaction, coverage and contribution density. We can obtain some experience and enlightenment as follows： building a multiple mixed pension fund system; enhancing the flexiblity of retirement and pension payment ; using life - cycle investment strategy actively ; pursuing long- term benefits; establishing social risk emergency reserve fund and the government guarantee mechanism; strengthening employee retirement education.%2008年爆发的金融危机对全球经济产生了重要影响，也对拉美国家私营养老金制度的发展产生了巨大冲击。文章介绍了拉美国家私营养老金制度的改革路径和养老基金概况，从养老金资产价值、投资收益率、投资组合、雇员、制度覆盖面和缴费密度方面切入，分析了金融危机对拉美私营养老金制度的影响。在现状分析的基础上，得出了要保障私营养老金制度可持续运行的一些经验启示：构建多元化的混合型养老金体系，增强退休和养老金支付的灵活性，积极运用生命周期投资策略，实施多元化和分散化投资，以养老金长期收益作为投资目标，建立社会风险应急储备基金和政府担保机制，以及加强员工退休教育。