西方发达国家老年人家庭照顾者政策支持的经验及对中国的启示

摘要

ABstract:With adjustment of western welfare state and reconsideration of informal care,supporting family carer by public policy has become the important content of care for the elderly. The paper states the content of family care support policy of western developed countries and complicated relations be revealed in formal care and informal care,public services and family personal services,labor market and family care. Based on this,we finds some implications for China as below:service policy for the elderly not only puts attention to the elderly individuals ,but also includes the family of the elderly;social services for the elderly should not to separate the relations of formal care and informal care;government should promulgate specific laws and regulations or establish relevant departments for collaborative management of family welfare;enterprises should be encouraged to fulfill their social responsibilities,which requires to provide grants or make more flexible work schedule for family caregivers.%随着西方福利国家的调整以及对非正式照顾网络的重新认识，通过公共政策支持家庭照顾者正成为老年照顾的重要内容。本文对西方国家老年人的家庭照顾者支持的政策内容进行了阐述，展示了正式照顾和非正式照顾、公共服务和家庭个人服务以及劳动力市场和家庭照顾之间的复杂关系，并发现对中国有如下启示：老年服务政策不仅应该针对老年人个体也应该包括老年人的家庭，同时社会化养老服务不应该割裂正式照顾和非正式照顾之间的关系；政府应该出台专门的法律法规或成立相应的部门来协同管理家庭福利，还需要鼓励企业履行社会责任，为家庭照顾者提供津贴或制定比较灵活的工作计划。