超声引导在小儿外周静脉穿刺困难者中的应用研究

摘要

目的：探讨超声引导在小儿外周静脉穿刺困难者中应用的效果。方法选择3个月至3岁血管条件差的患儿100例，随机分为试验组、对照组各50例。对照组给予传统盲穿法进行外周静脉穿刺，试验组在超声引导下进行外周静脉穿刺。记录两组穿刺针数、一次穿刺成功率、总成功率和并发症发生率。结果试验组和对照组穿刺针数分别为(1．2±0．4)次和(3．02±2．34)次(P<0．05)；一次穿刺成功率分别为90%和34%，差异有统计学意义(P<0．05)；总成功率分别为100%和95%，差异有统计学意义(P<0．05)；置针后24h内静脉渗漏发生率分别为0和10%，差异有统计学意义(P<0．05)。结论超声引导在小儿外周静脉穿刺困难者中应用，可以显著提高一次穿刺成功率和总穿刺成功率，明显减少穿刺次数，降低并发症的发生。%Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound guided in children with difficulties in peripheral venous punc-ture. Methods In 3 months to 3 years old children with poor vascular conditions,100 cases were randomly divided into two groups:experimental group,control group of 50 cases each. The control group was given the traditional blind puncture method,and the experi-mental group was given the peripheral vein puncture under the guidance of ultrasound. The number of puncture needles,the success rate,the total success rate and the complication rate of the two groups were recorded. Results The number of puncture needles in the experimental group and the control group were respectively(1. 2 ±0. 4)times and(3. 02 ± 2. 34)times(P<0. 05). A successful rate of puncture were respectively 90% and 34%(P<0. 05). The total success rate were respectively 100% and 95%(P<0. 05). And the incidence of venous leakage after 24h were respectively 0 and 10%(P<0. 05). Conclusion The application of ultrasound guid-ance in children with difficulties in peripheral venous puncture could significantly improve the success rate of a puncture and the total puncture success rate,significantly reduce the number of puncture and the incidence of complications.