巴音布鲁克国家级自然保护区繁殖鸟类调查

摘要

2014-2016年每年5-6月鸟类繁殖季,对新疆天山中部的巴音布鲁克国家级自然保护区繁殖鸟类进行调查.保护区是大天鹅Cygnus cygnus、灰鹤Grus grus、斑头雁Anser indicus等珍稀鸟类的重要繁殖地,同时也是我国第一个为保护大天鹅正式成立的保护区.经过连续3年的调查,共发现繁殖鸟类61种,隶属于11目24科47属,以留鸟和夏候鸟为主.其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类1种,黑鹳Ciconia nigra,最多一次在2个地点记录到4只,其中2只为亚成体,证明该保护区有黑鹳的稳定繁殖种群.国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类7种,分别为大天鹅、黑鸢Milvus migrans、草原雕Aquila nipalensis、高山兀鹫Gyps himalayensis、燕隼Falco subbuteo、灰鹤、蓑羽鹤Anthropoidesvirgo.保护区鸟类主要分为2类:1)繁殖水鸟如大天鹅、赤麻鸭Tadorna ferruginea、红脚鹬Tringa totanus等;2)荒漠草原鸟类如角百灵Eremophila alpestris、沙鸭Oenanthe isabellina和黄嘴朱顶雀Carduelis flavirostris等.%Bayanbulak National Alpine Grassland Nature Reserve (BNAGNR) is famous for its key role for protecting the breeding water birds such as Cygnus cygnus,Grus grus,and Anser indicus.Meanwhile,BNAGNR is the first nature reserve of protecting C.cygnus in China.In this study,the diversity of breeding birds in BNAGNR was surveyed in May and June,2014-2016 (twice per year).A total of 61 bird species belonging to 47 genera,24 families,and 11 orders were recorded,and summer visitors and residents were the dominant species.Specifically,Ciconia nigra,which is Class Ⅰ nationally protected bird species,was ever recorded in 2 different places with 4 individuals.Seven species of Class Ⅱ nationally protected bird species,including C.cygnus,G.grus,Anthropoides virgo,Falco subbuteo,Aquila nipalensis,Milvus migrans,and Gyps himalayensis were also recorded.Water birds such as C.cygnus,Tadorna ferruginea,and Tringa totanus,and grassland birds such as Eremophila alpestris,Oenanthe isabellina,and Carduelisflavirostris were dominant species in BNAGNR.