养殖场粪污还田模式下氨减排技术比选

摘要

畜禽养殖业是农村经济的主要产业之一,它的快速发展带来的环境污染问题成为现在新农村建设的主要制约因素.分析养殖场粪污在还田模式下的氨排放途径,并针对途径总结了一些减排措施,结合我国养殖业发展和农田利用情况,总结出对于还田模式下减少氨排放,应从饲养动物开始,采取喂以低蛋白饲料,减少粪便中的氮含量;粪污经固液分离后采用密闭覆盖的方式进行储存,减少氨的挥发;还田时在春天对土地进行深耕施肥,减少氨排放,若表面施肥,需及时覆土或翻耕.%Livestock and poultry breeding industry is one of the main industry of rural economy.The rapid development brings environmental pollution problems and now it is the main restricting factor in the construction of new countryside.This paper analyzed the ammonia emission ways under the returning pattern,and summarized some ammonia reduction measures.Combined with the development of livestock and poultry breeding industry and farmland utilization,this paper summarized that in order to reduce ammonia emission under livestock manure returning pattern,we should feed animals with low protein feed to reduce the generation of N.After solid-liquid separation of livestock waste,store the manure with airtight coverage to reduce the volatilization of ammonia.In the spring,deep tillage with fertilizer application on the land to reduce ammonia emissions.If surface fertilization,the land soil should be turned or ploughed immediately.