基于小生境遗传算法的单体船船型参数优化

摘要

针对船型参数优化中变量众多的特点,提出了一种基于小生境遗传算法和Holtrop总阻力计算公式的单体船船型参数优化方法.该方法中以总阻力作为目标函数,以主要船型参数为优化变量,在保持排水量不变的情况下优化主要船型参数,得出修长系数、水线面系数和宽吃水比均能收敛到相应的临界值,因此优化时可优先确定这些参数值.采用该方法对DTMB5415船的船型参数进行了优化,结果显示优化后的船型总阻力性能要明显优于原船型.该方法对于单体船船型参数优化具有较强的实用性.%Aiming at the complex ship type parameters, a genetic algorithm was put forward to optimum monohull parameters of ship hull based on the Holtrop total resistance formula. In the optimization process, the total resistance was taken as the objective function and the main monohull parameters as optimal variables at unchanged tonnage. Numerical calculation results presented the slender coefficient, waterplane area coefficient and beam draft ratio of the ship hull can converge their relevant critical values, so these parameters can be determined firstly in the optimization process. A case study on the DTMB414 ship model was presented in this paper to optimum the hull parameters and the result showed the resistance performance of the optimized hull was better than the original hull. The method is applicable to optimize the monohull parameters.