基于卡尔曼滤波的磁偶极子目标张量定位

摘要

When using the existing gradient tensor localization method at a single point to localize a magnetic dipole target, it is occurred that the phenomena of the localization result influenced by the measurement noise is emanative. Pointing at this shortage, based on the basal equation of the dipole′s magnetic field and gradient, the state space model for gradient tensor localization is built and the state vector is evaluated using Kalman Filter to realize the target localization. A numerical experiment is designed to verify this method, and the results show that the localization method based on Kalman Filter has high precision and stability, which is suitable for airplane magnetic detective and underwater small target detective.%采用现有单点磁梯度张量定位方法定位磁偶极子目标时，易出现定位结果受测量噪声影响而发散的现象。针对该方法的不足，根据磁偶极子磁感应强度与磁场梯度张量的基本关系式，建立张量定位的状态空间模型，并采用卡尔曼滤波器对状态向量进行估计，实现目标定位。设计数值算例对定位方法进行检验，定位结果表明，基于卡尔曼滤波的定位方法具有较高的精度和稳定性，可用于航空磁探测和水下小目标磁场探测。