舵速对船舶波浪中回转及横摇的影响

摘要

A coupling 4-DOF model of maneuvering and rolling which can predict turning and rolling motions of ship in waves by adding the wave force was established based on typical MMG model and unified theory. Wave force was interpolated by both the ship instant speed and wave encounter angle, which was calculated through 3D panel method. Prediction on effects of different rudder speed on turning and rolling motions of ship was validated by free-running model test. The results showed that the coupling model can simulate ship turning and rolling motion efficiently and faster rudder speed brought better ability to change the heading and course of ship. In addition, the advance of ship was smaller but would induce heavier rolling.%基于经典MMG模型和统一理论建立操纵性和横摇四自由度耦合模型，利用耦合模型叠加波浪力的方式来预报船舶波浪中的回转和横摇特性。波浪力采用三维面元法计算，并根据船舶实时速度和遭遇浪向进行二维插值。通过自航模试验进行模型验证，预报了不同操舵速度对船舶回转和横摇的影响。研究表明耦合模型能够有效地仿真船舶的回转及横摇，回转过程中操舵速度越大船舶改变航向和航迹的能力越强，纵距越小，但会给船舶造成较大的横摇。