基于形貌优化的某船用油柜结构优化设计

摘要

The oil cabinet structure often occur structural fatigue fracture, shear failure because of the unreasonable design of the oil cabinet structure, this will lead to great challenge to the security of a ship during sailing. In order to improve the fatigue resistance of oil cabinet structure, this paper established the finite element model of the oil cabinet structure based on HYPERMESH software. By performing the modal analysis of the oil cabinet structure, appropriate objective function for topography optimization are then obtained. We regarded the node displacement as design variables, the first and second natural frequencies as the objective function of the topography optimization, and the frequencies are then maximized during the optimization to improve the structural rigidity. The optimization results show: Oil cabinet first natural frequency is increased by 102%. 2 nd order natural frequency increased by 99%. The draw bead from the optimization result similar to“o” type, this is suitable for processing in the stamping process. The layout of the draw bead can effectively improve the structural rigidity of the oil cabinet structure and reducing the probability of fatigue failure.%由于油柜结构设计不合理，经常会出现结构疲劳断裂、剪切破坏现象，给船舶航行带来了巨大的安全挑战。为改善油柜结构抗疲劳能力，本文基于HYPERMESH软件建立油柜结构的有限元模型，并对该结构进行模态分析，为形貌优化选择合适的目标函数。形貌优化以节点位移作为设计变量，以结构前两阶固有频率作为目标函数，使之最大化，来提高结构刚度。优化结果表明：油柜第1阶固有频率值提高102%；第2阶固有频率提高99%。优化得出的压延筋形状类似于“O”型，适合于冲压工艺进行加工，可以有效提高油柜结构刚度，降低疲劳破坏几率。