2型糖尿病患者自我管理障碍水平现状及影响因素分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the current status of the self‐management barriers level of diabetic in‐patients ,and to analyze its influential factors .Methods A total of 346 diabetic inpatients were recruited in Xi′an and were invited to complete the structured interviews .All the participants were administered with the Chinese Version of the Personal Diabetes Questionnaire (PDQ) ,Diabetes Empowerment Scale‐Short Form (DES‐SF) and Appraisal of Diabetes Scale (ADS) .Results The score of PDQ for patients using insulin and not using insulin was (1.5 ± 0.7) and (1.4 ± 0.6) ,respectively .Results of multiple linear regression indicated that age ,empowerment level ,psychological burden ,previous experience of diabetes talk ,and occupation were factors associated with self‐management barriers level of inpatients with diabetes .Conclusion It is of great necessity for nurses to take these influential factors into consideration while designing diabetes self‐management education ,thereby facilitating self‐management of diabetic patients .%目的：了解2型住院糖尿病患者自我管理障碍水平现状并分析其影响因素。方法使用应用糖尿病自我管理及障碍评价问卷、糖尿病授权量表、糖尿病压力评价量表，对346例住院糖尿病患者进行调查。结果使用胰岛素和未使用胰岛素的糖尿病患者的自我管理障碍得分分别为（1.5±0.7）和（1.4±0.6）。使用及未使用胰岛素的2组糖尿病患者中各维度障碍大小顺序依次为饮食障碍、血糖监测障碍、运动障碍、用药障碍。糖尿病自我管理障碍的影响因素为：年龄、职业、是否接受过糖尿病健康教育、授权能力、压力评价得分，可解释总变异量的64.5％（ P＜0.01）。结论护理工作者可根据自我管理障碍可干预的影响因素，针对性开展自我管理教育，帮助患者克服困难，促进其有效自我管理。