地表深孔爆破卸压技术在资源整合矿井坚硬顶板综放工作面的应用

摘要

In the coal field of Huaxia Coal Co., Ltd., 4 coal seams could be mined (No.4, No.6, No.9 and No.11), and No.3 seam could not. No.4 have been almost mined out before resource integration. Besides, on No.4 seam, out-of-date caving method was used in the most parts and its roof did not collapse normally. After the integration, the first mining face would be No.1161 working face of No.6 coal seam in order to ensure safe production of the fully-mechanized mining on shallow-buried coal seam and to avoid the second impact caused by the main roof pressure from the mined-out area in No.4 coal seam, which could threaten the personnel and facilities and could cause flow reversal accidents. In this study, taking No. 1161 working face as an example, surface deep hole blasting to relieve pressure is implemented to achieve the completeness of the broken roof and their periodic and gradual collapse, which could reduce the area of suspended roof and realize the safe production.%华夏煤业井田有4层可采煤层，3号、4号、6号、9号、11号中的3号煤层不可采。4号煤层在资源整合前已基本采完，且大多采用落后的“以掘代采”回采工艺，4号煤层顶板基本没有正常垮落。资源整合后，首采工作面设计6号层1161工作面，为确保浅埋煤层综放工作面安全生产，避免4号层采空区老顶来压形成二次冲击危及6号层1161工作面人身安全及损坏设施、设备，造成全矿井风流逆转事故。现以华夏煤业6号煤层1161综放工作面为例，实施地表深孔预裂爆破卸压技术，达到破坏顶板的完整性，使其周期性阶梯垮落，减少老顶悬空面积实现安全生产。