苹果变产树生长发育及果实品质特性的研究

摘要

以24年生富士苹果为试材,研究了变产结果树生长发育及果实品质特性.结果表明:大年树新梢生长量较小,小年树新梢生长量较大；小年树叶片的叶面积和比叶重明显大于大年树.与稳产树相比,小年树果实单果重、果形指数、着色指数、光洁度指数、果肉硬度和可溶性固形物含量分别增加6.1 g、0、3个百分点、1个百分点、0.3 kg/cm2和0.2个百分点,大年树以上各品质指标分别降低18.1 g、0.01、5个百分点、10个百分点、0.8 kg/hm2和0.3个百分点.%The characteristics of growth,development and fruit quality of alternate beating apple tree were studied using 24-year-old Fuji apple trees as materials.The results showed that shoot growth,leaf area and specific leaf weight of year-off trees were larger than those of year-on trees.Compared with stable bearing apple trees,single fruit weight,fruit shape index,color index,smoothness index,flesh hardness and soluble solid content of year-off trees increased 6.1 g,0,3 percentage point,1 percentage point,0.3 kg/cm2 and 0.2 percentage point respectively,and all the above quality indexes of year-on trees decreased 18.1 g,0.01,5 percentage point,10 percentage point,0.8 kg/cm2 and 0.3 percentage point respectively.