温度、光照和GA3对黑种草(Nigella damascena L.)种子萌发的影响

摘要

研究了黑种草种子的吸水特性以及温度、光照和GA3对其萌发的影响.结果表明:新采收的黑种草种子吸水迅速,具有明显的迅速吸水期和吸水平台期,不存在吸水障碍;具有一定程度的浅生理休眠和热抑制现象,且为需光种子,在恒温条件下仅在10,15℃有少量萌发,其中交替光照下的萌发率显著高于黑暗处理;在15℃/25℃变温和交替光照条件下的萌发率较高,但也仅有(61.5士7.6)％;0.1 mmol/L的GA3溶液可有效解除其休眠,使黑种草种子在15℃交替光照条件下的萌发率从(33.5±2.2)％升高至(76.7±7.0)％.%Water absorption characteristics and effects of temperature,light and GA3 on germination in Nigella damascena seed were investigated.The results showed,that the fresh harvested seeds imbibed rapidly water,with remarkable phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ,without water absorption barrier,and that there was a non-deep physiological dormancy and the germination thermoinhibition phenomenon,and they were positively photoblastic seed,and they only germinated less at the constant temperature regimes of 10 ℃ and 15 ℃,and the germination percentage under alternating light regime was significantly higher than that under the dark regime,and that although the germination percentage under the variable temperature regime of 25 ℃/15 ℃ and alternating light conditions was higher,but only (61.5± 7.6) ％,and that GA3 solution of 0.1 mmol/L could effectively release the seed dormancy,so that the germination percentage under 15 ℃ and an alternating light regimes was advanced from (33.5±2.2)％ to (76.7±7.0) ％.