中国农村收入不平等--基于微观调查数据的回归分解

摘要

This paper employs the regression-based decomposition technique to analyze income inequality in rural China by using individual-level data from 2003 to 2008 . It is found that rural in-come inequality is extremely unequal with a rising trend. Decomposition results show that, age, gender, eastern dummy and happiness affect rural income inequality in al selected years. Leav-ing 2003 behind, education, political status, marriage and health also contribute a lot to rural in-come inequality. Education, age, gender, health and eastern dummy are the most fundamental factors which impact on rural inequality. Comprehensively, age, education, gender, eastern dummy, political status, marriage, health and happiness are determinants of rural income ine-quality. The conclusions are useful for the government to formulate scientific and reasonable in-come distribution policy and regulate income gap effectively.%论文利用2003-2008年CGSS的微观个体调查数据，运用回归分解方法对中国农村收入不平等进行分解。首先对收入不平等进行测算，研究发现农村收入极端不平等，并且呈上升趋势。回归分解结果表明，年龄、教育、性别、东部地区虚拟变量、政治地位、婚姻、健康和幸福感是对农村收入不平等的决定要素。其中教育、年龄、性别、东部地区虚拟变量和健康对农村收入不平等的贡献显著。其余变量对农村收入不平等的贡献相对较小，但其对农村收入不平等的影响也不能被忽视。研究结论对政府制定科学合理的收入分配政策和有效调控收入差距具有借鉴作用。