人工饲料对大草蛉生长发育和繁殖力的影响

摘要

[Objective] The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of rice moth {Corcyra cephalonica), eggs and yellow mealworms {Tenebrio molitor) protein based artificial diet on the life history parameters of green lacewing {Chrysopa pallens). [Method] Adult C. pallens were provided with artificial diet and subsequently larvae were supplied with rice moth eggs. In addition, both soybean aphids (Aphis glycines) and rice moth eggs were fed to larvae and adults, respectively, to assess the life table parameters. [Result] Rice moth eggs had no significant effect on the cocoon size, body length, survival rate, and adult longevity of C. pallens as compared with the soybean aphids. In contrast, larval and cocoon developmental durations and pre-oviposition period were prolonged. On the contrary, when reared on artificial diet, adult longevity and reproductive phase of C. pallens prolonged and survival rate, ovipositional rate and fecundity declined. However, their egg hatchability rate observed higher when fed with artificial diet. [Conclusion] Among the three tested food, rice moth eggs were suitable diet for the mass rearing C. pallens in laboratory. It was also established that mealworms protein could be used as a main componental artificial diet for mass-rearing of C. pallens adults.%[目的]研究应用米蛾卵和以黄粉虫蛋白为主要成分的人工饲料对大草蛉的饲养效果.[方法]用米蛾卵饲喂大草蛉幼虫、用基于黄粉虫蛋白的人工饲料饲养成虫,记录相关生物学参数,以米蛾卵和大豆蚜分别饲喂大草蛉幼虫至成虫为对照.[结果]米蛾卵饲喂大草蛉效果良好,茧的大小、成虫体长、结茧率、羽化率、成虫获得率、卵孵化率、成虫寿命和总产卵量均和对照无显著差异,但幼虫发育历期、茧的发育历期和产卵前期延长,发育整齐度稍下降.以人工饲料饲养的大草蛉成虫寿命、成虫产卵前期和产卵天数明显延长,卵孵化率明显上升.但是成虫存活率,雌虫产卵率显著下降,总产卵量略有降低.[结论]米蛾卵可以作为实验室繁殖大草蛉的人工饲料,以黄粉虫为主要成分的大草蛉成虫人工饲料具有开发价值.