水力压裂技术是通过在地面向井下注入高压液体，迫使地层岩石在高压下破裂形成裂缝，该裂缝在支撑剂支撑下具有较高的导流能力，达到增产作用。为了有针对性地进行储层压裂改造，必须深入研究压裂裂缝起裂及延伸机理。本文基于应力迭加原理，建立了压裂裂缝起裂数学模型，并结合实际井例的岩石力学实验数据，进行了裂缝起裂及延伸分析，为油井压裂改造提供了理论支撑。%Hydraulic fracturing technology is to inject high pressure liquid to the underground, force the stratum rock to rupture cracks under high pressure, and with the support of proppant to gain high conductivity, which in order to enhance reservoir output. We must study the theory of fracture crack and extension to targeted fracturing stimulation. Based on stress superposition principle, this article established the mathematics model of fracturing crack, and combined with practical example of rock mechanics experiment data, this article analyzed the crack and the crack extension, which provides theoretical support for the oil well fracturing modification.
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