First, the paper assumes 18 fundamental impact factors of operating performance of national science and technology award system through literature review and consulting experts, collecting 366 effective questionnaires through the network, generalizing the cognitions to the impact factors of operating performance of national science and technology award system, tested by multiple linear regression model. Then, the paper extracts eight common factors by the method of principal components, which are the rationality of award setting, the coordination of award objects, the appropriateness of award time, the stringency of award qualification, the validity of incentives, the dimension of review efforts, the scientifical degree of appraisal index, and the norm of work division. At last, the paper proposes several policy recommendations.%通过文献综述及专家咨询法将国家科技奖励制度运行绩效的基本影响因素假设为18个指标,采用网络调查法收集366份有效问卷,归纳调查对象对国家科技奖励制度运行绩效影响因素的认知情况,并采用t检验进行了显著性检验.然后通过主成分分析法提取公共因子,得到国家科技奖励制度运行绩效的主要影响因素包括奖励设置的合理性、奖励客体的协调性、奖励时机的恰当性、评奖资格的严格性、激励方式的有效性、评审力度的大小、评价指标的科学性及工作安排的规范性等八个指标,并据此提出若干政策建议.
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