In order to understand the global carbon cycle and its impact on the climate,provide data support for the CO2 emission situation, and expand our voice in the international climate change, the national high technology research and development program ("863"Program) launched a global carbon dioxide monitoring science experiment satellite and application demonstration project, satellite equiped with high spectral and high spatial resolution of CO2 detector (CO2 detector) and cloud and aerosol detector (CAPI detector), their data will be used for the retrieval of the global atmospheric CO2 flux, provide the technical basis for research and operational aspects of global atmospheric environment change, greenhouse gas detection, photochemical processes, climate change the needs of development. The CO2 detector as China's first greenhouse gas monitoring instrument, need to perfect the load test loop before launched,evaluate of load function and performance effectively, reduce the operation risk after satellite launch. In addition, the airborne observation data will also be used for the development and validation of CO2 concentration retrieval algorithm with simulated data set, validation is greatly beneficial to satellite data application, at the same time accumulate airborne exploration experience. Our task is to conduct two pilot areas aviation flight test and synchronous integrated observation test equipped Tansat payload,verify the load detection function and some performance indicators; while providing test data for retrieval algorithm and integrate ground-based observations data.%为了充分了解全球碳循环过程及其对气候的影响，并对CO2排放状况提供数据支撑，扩大我国在国际气候变化方面的话语权，国家高技术研究发展计划（863计划）支持开展了“全球二氧化碳监测科学实验卫星与应用示范”项目的研究，卫星搭载了高光谱与高空间分辨率CO2探测仪(以下简称CO2探测仪)与云与气溶胶探测仪（以下简称CAPI探测仪），它们的监测数据将用于精确反演全球大气CO2含量，为全球大气环境变化、温室气体探测、光化学过程、气候变迁等方面的研究与业务的需求发展提供技术依据。 CO2探测仪作为我国首台温室气体遥感监测仪器，研制难度极大，亟需通过航空校飞试验完善载荷发射前的试验环，对载荷功能和性能进行有效评估，以进一步降低卫星发射后的运行风险。此外通过航空校飞获取的对地观测数据还将为CO2浓度反演算法的开发与验证提供较为理想的模拟数据集，对卫星发射前数据应用技术体系的贯通和卫星发射后的航空伴飞验证具有极大助益，同时为我国机载温室气体探测积累了宝贵前期经验。课题利用我国正在研制的碳卫星载荷， CO2探测仪和CAPI探测仪，通过适应性改造，搭载在航空飞行平台上进行2个试验区的航空校飞综合试验及其地基同步综合观测试验，验证CO2探测仪载荷对CO2探测的功能及部分性能指标；同时为大气CO2浓度反演算法提供试验数据，并综合地基观测等手段对校飞反演数据进行精度检验，为卫星发射后尽快发挥效益奠定技术基础。
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