三维平差在近景摄影测量控制网中的应用

摘要

针对一般的近景摄影测量工程,为了测定相机外方位元素,建立一个三维控制网是十分必要的.传统的方法是分别设计一个边角网和一个水准网,然后求得平面坐标与高程.对于小范围三维网,可以考虑采用三角高程代替水准测量,将三维测量观测数据看做整体进行平差,从而求得控制点的三维坐标.重点研究边角网与三角高程混合平差的平差模型,推导误差方程,编写程序并将其应用于膨润土变形监测实验控制网建立的计算中.%In view of general Close-range Photogrammetry projects, to determine photograph camera's exterior orientation elements, established a three-dimensional control network is essential. The traditional approach is to design a triangulation network and a leveling network, then obtain the horizontal coordinates and elevation. For smallscale three-dimensional network, it is feasible to instead of level survey using trigonometric leveling, all the observation data is seen as a whole to calculate the three-dimensional coordinates. Triangulation network and trigonometric leveling combined adjustment model are focud on, programming and application in bentonite Deformation Monitoring Experiment