构建工程担保,促进建筑市场健康发展

摘要

重大工程质量问题和安全事故近年来不断发生，造成这些问题的主要因素有很多方面，我国缺乏一套严密工程保证担保体制和一种优胜劣汰的市场竞争机制制约建设主体各方责权利是最为关键的原因，使得各方履约不力，缺乏信用。工程担保制度对维护建筑市场秩序、促进建筑业快速健康发展具有十分重要的作用。工程保证担保制度是国际惯例，中国已经加入世贸组织，我国推行保证担保制度，是提升企业的国际竞争力，使国际工程风险管理惯例尽快为我国建筑企业熟悉。通过比较分析工程保证担保，本文指出现阶段我国采用押金做法的弊端和缺陷，阐明了我国采用工程保证担保模式在工程担保的意义，充分利用利益制约和信用制度，各方履约意识强化，使“守信者得酬偿，失信者受惩罚”的原则得以体现。通过分析我国推行工程保证担保制度现状和存在的困难，强调目前投标保证、履约保证、维修保证由承包商提供担保以及支付保证由业主提供担保，另外对我国建立工程保证担保制度提出了措施建议。%The construction quality problems and safety accident happened in recent years. There are many factors which caused these problems. The most important reason is lacking a tight con-struction contract guarantee system and the market competition mechanism about survival of the fittest to control the responsibili-ties and rights. And as a result, every mechanism performs poorly and lacks of credit. Construction contract guarantee system can maintain the order of the construction market and have the great role in promoting the construction industry. construction contract guarantee system is an international convention. China has en-tered into WTO,if the construction contract guarantee system is pursued in our country, our enterprises' competitiveness will be improved. And our construction companies will be familiar with the international risk construction management conventions. By comparing with the construction contract guarantee system, this paper points out the shortcomings and defects of adopting deposit in recent stages, and clarifies that adopting the construction con-tract guarantee patterns is suitable. We can take the advantages of interest interacts and credit system to strengthen the enterpris-es' performing consciousness. The principles—"The persons who have credit can be rewarded, the persons who lose the credit are published." will be reflected. By analyzing the present situation and the difficulties in pursuing the construction contract guaran-tee system, the paper emphasizes that the contractors should pro-vide the bid guarantee, performance guarantee, and maintenance guarantee; and the owners should offer the payment guarantee. Besides, the paper points out the suggestions about how to estab-lish the construction contract guarantee system.