基于β射线吸收法的粉尘浓度测量技术

摘要

针对目前我国煤矿粉尘浓度检测设备测量精度低、稳定性差及后期维护频繁等问题,基于β射线吸收原理,通过建立C14原子核衰变β射线涨落模型,在设计气体预处理装置及PID恒流控制技术的基础上,最终完成了β射线吸收法粉尘浓度检测装置的整体设计.实验结果表明样机与手工采样称重法相对误差均低于±10%,可以满足煤矿井下粉尘浓度的检测需求.%For the problems of low measurement accuracy, poor stability, and frequent maintenance of dust concentration detection equipment in coal mine, a model for the decay and fluctuation of C14 atomic nuclei is established and the corresponding detection data processing method is proposed based on the analysis of the principle of β-ray absorption. Based on the design of gas pretreatment device and PID constant current control technology, the overall design of dust concentration detection device by ray absorption method is finally completed. The experimental results show that the relative errors of the sample machine and the manual sampling weighing method are both lower than ±10%, which can meet the detection requirements of dust concentration in underground coal mines.