基于'弹性孔理论'的巷道围岩结构失稳研究

摘要

The instability and unloading of roadway surrounding rock under excavation disturbance can easily induce large-scale caving of rock mass in heading face, even lead to dynamic disaster of surrounding rock, which seriously restricts safe and efficient excavation. Aiming at the instability problem of surrounding rock structure of roadway, four types of slope induced by excavation disturbance are summarized based on the elastic hole theory, and the instability mechanism of roof structure and surrounding rock of roadway is analyzed. The volume decreases greatly, and the overall failure degree of overlying strata is slowed down. The results show that the roof is more prone to structural instability under the influence of roadway disturbance. The roadway support can effectively hinder the movement of overburden roof and floor, alleviate the probability of rock mass catastrophe, effectively control the dynamic disaster, and realize the safe roadway driving.%开挖扰动作用下巷道围岩失稳与卸荷易诱发掘进工作面岩体大范围垮落,甚至导致围岩动力灾害,严重制约现场安全高效掘进.针对巷道围岩结构失稳问题,基于"弹性孔理论",系统总结了开挖扰动诱发片帮的4种类型,分析顶板结构、巷道围岩失稳机制;采用ABAQUS有限元数值计算软件分析巷道围岩结构失稳机理和灾变特征,巷道经过支护后,顶板运移量大幅度减小,同时减缓覆岩整体性破坏程度.结果表明,受巷道掘进扰动影响,顶板更易发生结构失稳,巷道支护能够有效阻碍覆岩顶、底板运移,缓解岩体灾变概率,动力灾害得到有效控制,巷道实现安全掘进.