中国可持续发展信息共享的理论与实践

摘要

Based on the discussion of the relationship among data, information and knowledge, this article has studied the theoretic meaning of the sustainable data and sustainable information sharing. It has also proposed the approaches to realize the sustainable development information sharing, especially by establishing the centralized and distributed sharing system and by the integration of sharing information. The article has brought forth the successful results achieved in a national key project “Demonstration for the China's sustainable development information sharing” including a wide range natural resources and environmental database system, a uniform metadata standard and data dictionary, the policies and measures as well as the proposal for lawmaking of information sharing, a combined centralized and distributed information sharing network system. In the end it has given suggestions for the further developing the sustainable development information sharing.%通过探讨数据、信息和知识的相互关系，对可持续发展数据、可持续发展信息共享的意义和理论进行了探讨，对实现可持续发展信息共享的方式，特别是通过集中和分布式共享体系的建立以及通过共享信息集成等进行了讨论。通过对“九五”国家科技攻关“中国可持续发展信息共享示范”项目的介绍，展示了开展我国可持续发展信息共享所取得的成果，包括建立了中国可持续发展大型资源环境数据库系统、统一的元数据标准和数据字典，提出了信息共享的政策和共享办法以及立法建议，建成了集中和分布式可持续发展信息共享体系，解决了一系列信息共享中的技术问题等。最后，对下一步的可持续发展信息共享的工作提出了建议。