基于Matlab的异步电动机故障运行状态的仿真

摘要

为了探讨异步电动机的故障运行状态,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真工具中丰富的电机及相关测控模块,结合多回路理论,建立了简易转子断条电机故障仿真模型及三相供电电压不对称时异步电动机运行状态仿真模型,并分析了电机各种运行状态下的定子电流、转速及转矩.同时针对不同故障,采用不同的特征量进行分析.主要包括当电机转子断条时,对电机定子电流进行频谱分析;当电机的三相供电电压不对称时,对不同三相电压不平衡度下的定子电流负序分量进行计算.仿真计算结果表明,频谱分析方法可有效应用于电机转子断条故障的诊断;定子电流负序分量可应用于三相供电电压不平衡的诊断.%For discussing the faulty running states of asynchronous motor,using abundant motor and measurement model in Matlab/Simulink,based on multi-loop motor model,a simulation modeling of simple broken rotor bars and an unbalanced voltage supply on asynchronous motor's operating is introduced to analyze stator current,speed and torque of the motor under various running states.At the same time,different faults with different featured portions are analyzed.The faults and portions include that the motor rotor breaks bars,stator current spectrum is needed to analyze,voltage supply on an asynchronous motor is unbalanced,the stator current's negative sequence component is needed to analyze.The results show that the spectral analysis method can be applied to the fault diagnosis of broken rotor bars,and stator current negative sequence component presence can be applied to diagnose unbalanced voltage supply.