Objective evaluation and analysis on the level of the development of agricultural modernization can help to identify the breakthrough opportunities and development models of agricultural modernization, which are suitable to the China’s economy and the agricultural development conditions. Applying literature review, commentary, and summarization methods, this paper analyzed the key evaluation models of agricultural modernization. It also discussed indicator construction principles, methods and comparison of evaluation results and made comparison of the objectivity, accuracy and availability of data among different ways of evaluation. The paper suggested that the basic theory of evaluation need to be improved to avoid subjectivity when constructing indicator system. This paper also found that although different evaluation methods lead to different results, their judgments on the development situation of China agricultural modernization are same. Finally, this paper pointed out that, under the background of “four modernizations” synchronization, the key problems of agricultural modernization evaluation include how to identify virtuous mechanisms of “four modernizations”, how to summarize the practical experience from the construction of the evaluation index, and how to assign weights to different indicators when constructing evaluation index.%客观评价分析农业现代化发展水平，有助于找出与国民经济、农业发展条件相适应的农业现代化发展模式，寻找农业现代化发展的突破口。应用阅读法、评述法和归纳法对目前使用的农业现代化发展评价主要方法进行了归纳和分析，对评价指标体系的构建原则、构建方法、评价核心指标、评价结果的可比性进行了探讨，就各类方法测评的客观性、准确性、数据可获得性等进行了对比。目前评价方法理论基础有待进一步论述，如何规避指标体系设置中主观因素的方法还有待改进。虽然不同学者测算的综合测评数值不同，但据此对我国农业现代化发展阶段的判断基本一致，因此测评研究对农业现代化发展的预测，明确未来发展要着重解决的问题起到了重要作用。最后，指出在“四化”同步背景下的农业现代化评价测评的关键问题是找出“四化”良性互动的机制，以及从评价指标中提炼实践意义、可持续发展在评价指标中的权重设计将是未来评价研究亟待解决的问题。
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