光伏阵列安装角度与安装节距的优化选择

摘要

光伏发电系统安装地点确定之后,其发电量主要受到光伏组件安装倾角和节距的影响.文章首先建立了光伏电池发电模型和斜面上的辐照度模型,以西安某公司的光伏发电系统为例,计算了不同倾角和节距下光伏阵列的年发电量.结果表明:在没有阴影遮挡的情况下,光伏组件在西安地区的最佳安装倾角为32°;在有阴影遮挡的情况下,节距越小,最佳倾角越小.光伏阵列的节距减小时,组件的发电量减少,利用效率降低.但是,由于组件安装量增多,单个组件占地面积减少,总安装容量增大,发电量增大.此计算方法可为光伏组件安装倾角和节距的选择提供参考.%When installation site is determined,the power generation of PV array is mainly affected by installation angle and pitch.First of all,a power generation model and an irradiance model on the slope are built,then take a company's photovoltaic power generation system in Xi'an as an example,power generations are calculated in different installation angles and pitches.Result shows that the best installation angle is 32 o without shadow in Xi'an; when there is shadow,the smaller the pitch,the smaller the best installation angle.As the decrease of pitch,the power generation of per watt PV module decreases,the efficiency of the PV module decreases.But the number of PV module increases,the floor space of per PV module decreases,the total installed capacity increases,the total power generation increases.This calculation can provide a basis for photovoltaic array type selection in Xi'an region.