土壤水分反演中的主动微波散射模型

摘要

As an important component of the surface water cycle, soil moisture content monitoring has become one of the research hotspot in such fields as hydrology, meteorology, agriculture and ecological environment. In precision irrigation, drought monitoring and crop estimations, soil moisture content monitoring has shown especially significant practical significance. The close relationship between microwave scattering intensity and soil moisture makes the active microwave remote sensing technology one of the most effective methods for monitoring soil moisture with high spatial resolution. The lack of high performance microwave scattering models is a main factor restricting the application of soil moisture retrieval. For the bare soil surface and vegetation cover surface, microwave scattering models are analyzed firstly. Then the influence factors of soil moisture retrieval are discussed. And when the application examples are shown, the calibration methods for main influence factors are analyzed and summa-rized.%作为地表水循环的重要组成部分，土壤水分含量的监测已经成为农业、水文、气象和生态环境等领域的研究热点之一，尤其对现代农业中的精确灌溉、旱情监测和产量估计具有深刻的现实意义。微波后向散射强度与土壤水分之间密切的相关关系使主动微波遥感技术成为高空间分辨率的土壤水分监测中最有效的方法之一。高性能微波散射模型的缺乏是限制土壤水分反演应用的主要因素。分别针对裸露地表和植被覆盖地表，首先分析了常用的微波散射模型，然后对影响土壤水分监测的因素进行探讨；并在实际应用举例中，对常用的主要影响因素校正方法进行分析总结。