基于 GIS 的天津市滨海新区耕地适宜性评价

摘要

Cultivated land is an essential resource and condition for the survival of human beings .Evaluation of cultivated land suitability is the basis of the land reasonable utilization and can provide the scientific basis for utilization and management of cultivated land .Taking Tianjin Binhai New Area as the study object and based on the theory of cultivated land suitability , the authors confirmed the evaluation unit with combinations of GIS and RS .5 evaluation factors were selected including soil geology and irrigation to build up the evaluation system with combinations of specific situations of Binhai Xin Area and the availability of data .Then the results of cultivated land suitability were divided into four levels based on GIS and weighted index summation model .The result showed that each level accounted for 5.65%, 27.25%, 44.42%, 22.68% of the total evaluation unit area respectively from level Ⅰto level Ⅳ.The whole quality of cultivated land is not very good .The highly suitable regions are mainly distributed in Taiping Town , Xiaowangzhuang Town , Zhongtang Town , north of Airport Economic Zone , Hujiayuan Street , Xincheng Town , Chadian Town , Datian Town , Hexin Street and Yangjiabo Town .The authors put forward some advices for each level land of evaluation result based on the results of each index evaluation , which are very important for improving cultivated land quality of the whole Binhai New Area and using land reasonably and availably .%耕地是人类赖以生存的基本资源和条件，耕地适宜性评价是耕地合理利用的重要基础，可为耕地的利用和管理提供科学依据。以天津市滨海新区为研究对象，以耕地适宜性评价理论为基础，运用遥感和GIS确定评价单元，结合滨海新区具体情况和数据的可获取性，选取土壤、地质及灌溉等3类共5个评价因子，构建指标评价体系，借助GIS和加权指数求和评价模型进行综合评价，将耕地适宜性评价结果划分了4个等级。评价结果表明：1—4级分别占评价单元总面积的5．65％，27．25％，44．42％和22．68％，全区耕地质量不容乐观；全区高度适宜耕种地区分布在太平镇、小王庄镇、中塘镇、空港经济区南部、胡家园街、新城镇、茶淀镇、大田镇、河西街和杨家泊镇一带；根据评价结果，对各级用地分别提出建议，对提高滨海新区整体耕地质量，实现耕地合理有效利用具有实用意义。