强海杂波环境下目标检测方法对比分析∗

摘要

通过实测海杂波数据，研究了海杂波的统计特性，实测数据拟合结果表明，弱海杂波的概率密度分布函数服从瑞利分布；强海杂波概率密度分布呈现较强的非高斯特性，该试验实测数据拟合结果为对数正态分布，因此强海杂波背景下小目标检测，常规恒虚警检测器性能受到限制。同时采用了常规单元平均恒虚警与自适应匹配滤波两种方法进行目标检测，通过结果对比可以得出，对于强杂波背景下小目标，自适应匹配滤波的方法能检测出更多的目标点迹，检测性能较常规单元平均恒虚警好。%Statistical characteristic of sea clutter is studied by analyzing actual data.Fitting results of ac-tual data are deduced from statistical analysis that the PDF of weak sea-clutter conforms to Rayleigh distribu-tion and the PDF of strong sea-clutter conforms to non-Gaussian characteristic.The data fitting result is log-normal distribution.The performance of small target detection in strong sea-clutter by routine CFAR is lim-ited due to the non-Gaussian distribution.Routine CA-CFAR and adaptive matched filter(AMF)are used in target detection.Detection results show that more small targets are detected by AMF than CA-CFAR,that is to say,the detection performance of AMF for small target in strong sea-clutter is better than CA-CFAR.