太阳能甲烷重整反应中的催化活性吸收体

摘要

Solar reforming of methane has attracted a great attention because this reaction can realize energy storage of high-temperature heat from concentrated solar radiation and optimal utilization of resources of natural gas.Catalytically active absorber has a key role on absorption of solar energy and reforming of methane and becomes focus of solar reforming of methane research.The article introduces that the composition of catalytically active absorber and three types of catalytically active absorbers in terms of their matrix（porous alumina and SiC ceramics,metal foam,ceramic tubular array（nicknamed ＂porcupine＂）） combining the developments of reactor/receiver.Applied in directly irradiated solar reactor/receiver（volumetric reactor/receiver）,the capability of catalytically active absorbers is mostly depended on the concentrated solar energy flux,matrix element,catalyst support（or washcoat） and active catalyst.According to the domestic and overseas researches,the future research directions and emphasis are analyzed and discussed.The future research should not only exploit the actual application system but also resolve the problem of uniform coating and combining between catalyst support and matrix for the high temperature reaction system.Photocatalytic enhancement of the reaction should also be taken into consideration,which will help to develop the cheap and efficient catalyst system.%太阳能甲烷重整反应可实现太阳能的高温蓄存和天然气资源的优化利用而备受关注,催化活性吸收体是进行太阳能吸收利用和甲烷催化重整的关键而成为太阳能甲烷重整反应研究的热点。本文在简述催化活性吸收体构成的基础上,结合重整反应器/接收器的发展,具体介绍了以多孔氧化铝和碳化硅陶瓷、泡沫金属及管状阵列陶瓷（＂porcupine＂）为基体的催化活性吸收体及其在太阳能甲烷重整反应中的应用,进而根据国内外的研究基础,分析探讨了今后的研究重点和发展方向。