作为一种基体中含有大量水的交联聚合物材料,聚合物水凝胶已经被广泛应用于食品、化妆品和生物医药等很多领域.然而,传统聚合物水凝胶机械性能不足,这限制了其在高技术领域的进一步应用.近十几年来,一系列具有规整或特殊网络结构的高强度聚合物水凝胶的出现在很大程度上改善了这一状况,在这些水凝胶中,复合水凝胶、双网络水凝胶、类四面体型聚乙二醇大分子单体水凝胶(Tetra-PEG水凝胶)和拓扑凝胶是典型代表.然而,为了使水凝胶在诸如人造组织、可穿戴设备和3D打印等高技术领域实现更多应用,赋予其功能性与提高其机械性能同等重要,因此,在对高强度水凝胶的结构和基本性能深入研究的基础上,对其进行功能化便引起了广泛关注.本文综述了近年来对高强度聚合物水凝胶进行功能化的研究进展,重点从上面提到的四类高强度水凝胶展开综述和讨论,并对该领域所面临的挑战和未来的研究方向进行了简要讨论和展望.%As a cross-linked polymeric material with plenty of water inside,polymer hydrogel has been widely used in many fields such as food,cosmetics and biomedicine.However,traditional polymer hydrogel is lack of good mechanical performance,which limits its further applications in high-tech fields.In the past decades,the emergence of a series of high-strength polymer hydrogels with homogenous or special network structures has been improved this situation largely.Among these hydrogels,composite hydrogel,double network hydrogel,TetraPEG hydrogel and topological gel are representatives.However,in order to be applied in high-tech fields such as artificial tissues,wearable devices and 3D printing,the hydrogels should possess functionality as well as high strength.Therefore,on the basis of numerous of extensive studies on structures and basic properties of the high-strength polymer hydrogels,functionalizing these high-strength polymer hydrogels has been attracted much attention.Herein,recent progress in functionalization of the high-strength polymer hydrogels has been reviewed,and the four types of high-strength polymer hydrogels mentioned above are mainly involved.Finally,challenges in research and the perspective on the future directions of these fields are briefly discussed.
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