胶州湾湿地海水中营养盐的时空分布与富营养化

摘要

Based on the environmental data surveyed in February, March, July, August, September and November,2009,the temporal and spatial distribution of nutrients and eutrophi-cation level in the seawater of Jiaozhou Bay wetland were studied. It was found that; (l)The regions with higher content of DIN and DIP in the seawater of Jiaozhou Bay wetland were roughly located at the estuary of Dagu River and its adjacent waters, and the horizontal distribution of them were mainly controlled by runoff amount of fresh water. (2)There were apparent seasonal variations of DIN and DIP content in the seawater of Jiaozhou Bay wetland. Basically, their con-tents were positively related to the input of fresh water,I. E. ,the nutrient content was higher in the higher flow period and lower in the lower flow period. (3)The eutrophication level of seawa-ter was higher in Jiaozhou Bay wetland,belonging to potential eutrophication with medium phosphorous limiting. (4) Organic pollution was more serious in the seawater of Jiaozhou Bay wetland, belonging to moderate pollution level. (5)The Dagu River runoff was the main source of nutritional substances such as nitrogen,phosphorous etc. Too much nitrogen and phosphorous in the seawater had caused the eutrophication. Effective measures should be adopted to solve this striking environmental problem.%依据2009年2、5、7、8、9、11月海洋环境调查资料,对胶州湾湿地海域营养盐的时空分布和富营养化水平进行了分析研究.结果表明,(1)胶州湾湿地海水中无机氮和活性磷酸盐高含量区基本位于大沽河入海口及其邻近海域,其含量和分布主要由大沽河入海径流所控制；(2)胶州湾湿地海水中无机氮和活性磷酸盐的月际变化明显,其含量基本与大沽河入海径流量呈正相关,即丰水期营养盐含量高,枯水期营养盐含量低；(3)胶州湾湿地海水富营养化水平较高,属磷中等限制潜在性富营养；(4)胶州湾湿地海水的有机污染较为严重,属中度污染；(5)大沽河入海径流是胶州湾湿地海水氮、磷等营养物质的主要来源,海水中氮、磷含量过高导致海水富营养化,应采取有效措施解决这一突出环境问题.