黑麦草属28个引进品种辐射子一代的生长性状比较

摘要

Abstract:Seeds of twenty-eight perennial ryegrass varieties introduced from Germany were irradiated by ^60Co-γ with 400 Gy, 500 Gy. The effects of radiation treatments on the germination potential, number of tillers, plant height, fresh weight and heading date were observed and analyzed in the field. The results showed that the low dose caused death of Gordo, Ligrande and Barmultra, while the high dose caused death of Remy and Bartissimo. Furthermore, gamma beam causes changes of the perennial ryegrass minute tiller number, height, growth characters, fresh weight and earing period. The tiller numbers of Zarastro, Barfort, Tosca and Orlando mutagenesis material increased signficantly after radiation, The height and the fresh weight of Lolita mutagenesis material increased by 20%. These results indieated that radiation is a good and fast way to improve the quality of forage, which could be used in further breedings.%本研究利用400、500Gy的^60Co-γ射线辐射28个欧洲引进黑麦草（Lolium）干种子，结合大田试验比较了辐射对不同黑麦草品种发芽、分蘖数、株高、鲜质量、抽穗期等生长性状的影响。结果表明，28个品种对γ-射线辐照处理的反应存在明显差异，Gordo、Ligrande、Barmultra对^60Co-γ射线敏感。低剂量处理即导致死亡，高剂量处理后Remy、Bartissimo死亡。γ-射线辐照处理能够改变黑麦草分蘖数、株高、鲜质量、抽穗期等生长性状，并显著增加Zarasfro、Barfort、Tosca、Orlando诱变材料的分蘖数，Lolita诱变后植株高度和鲜质量比未辐照处理材料高20％以上，表明^60Co-γ射线辐照处理是快速提高牧草分蘖数、株高和鲜质量的有效途径之一，可作为新材料用于进一步的新品种选育。