矮壮素对大丽花生长发育和内源激素含量的影响及相关性分析

摘要

以大丽花（Dahlia pinnata）高生型品种‘陇上雄鹰’为试材，研究矮壮素不同施用方式及不同浓度对其生长发育和内源激素含量的影响，并对生长发育指标与内源激素含量进行相关性分析。结果表明，喷施和根施矮壮素均可使大丽花株高矮化，节间缩短，茎粗、叶面积、花径和花瓣数增加，花期延长；营养生长期IAA、GA3含量降低，ABA含量升高；生殖生长期IAA和GA3含量升高，ABA含量降低；且随着施用浓度的增加效果增强。各生长发育指标与内源激素间表现一定的相关性。营养生长期株高与IAA、GA3是极显著正相关（P〈0．01），与ABA是极显著负相关；节间长与IAA是极显著正相关；茎粗与GA3是极显著负相关；叶面积与GA3极显著负相关，与ABA是极显著正相关；生殖生长期花期和花径与IAA、GA3是极显著正相关，与ABA是显著负相关（P〈0．01）；花瓣数与GA3是极显著正相关。根施3000mg·L^-1矮壮素对各指标影响效果最显著。%A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of chlormequat chloride （CCC） on the growth and endogenous hormones contents of Dahlia pinnat varieties, Longshangxiongying. The results of this study showed that the CCC significantly decreased the plant height and internode length, increased the leaf area, stem diameter, flower diameter and petal number, lengthened the flowering period, reduced the IAA and GA：~ content and increased the ABA contents at vegetative growth stage; however, the CCC increased the IAA and GA3 content and reduced the ABA content at reproductive growth stage, and the changeable ＊rend of these parameter strengthened as the CCC concentration increased. The correlation analysis results showed that the plant height was significantly positive correlation with the IAA and GA3 contents and was negative correlation with ABA contents at vegetative growth stage, and the internode length was significantly positive correction with IAA contents the stem diameter was negative correlated with the GA3 contents and the leaf area was significantly negative correlation with the GA3 contents and was positive correlation with ABA contents. The flowering period and flower diameter was significantly positive correlation with the IAA and GA3 contents, and was negative correlation with ABA contents the petal number was positive correlation with the GA3 content at reproductive growth stage. This study suggested that the optimal concentration of CCC was 3 000 mg. L -1 CCC.