品种混播对苜蓿产量及主要害虫种群密度的调控

摘要

近年来随着宁夏苜蓿(Medicago sativa)产业集约化发展,病虫害日趋严重,采用绿色可持续方法进行苜蓿害虫生态调控是目前研究的热点.本研究选择6个苜蓿品种,通过设计单播和混播的不同试验处理(单播、两品种混播和三品种混播)探索研究苜蓿品种播种方式对苜蓿害虫及天敌种群的影响.结果表明,苜蓿多品种混播能够显著降低蚜虫(Aphidoidea)的种群数量,皇冠和德宝两个品种混种蚜虫种群密度最低,为149头·10复网-1,品种WL343HQ单播苜蓿田蚜虫种群密度最高,为823头·10复网-1,同时多品种混播能够显著提高天敌瓢虫的种群数量(P〈0.05),但不同试验处理间苜蓿蓟马(Thripidae)的种群密度差异不显著(P〉0.05).本研究结果可为建立新的苜蓿种植模式提供重要的试验依据,为苜蓿害虫综合治理提供重要的参考和技术支撑.%Alfalfa is an important forage crop,referred to as the "king of forage".With the development of the alfalfa industry,pest damage in alfalfa fields had increased rapidly.Therefore,ecologically based pest manage-ment strategies have gained importance in habitat management.In the present study,six varieties of alfalfa were used in 18 treatments sowing either mixture or monoculture,which was aimed to determine the effects of mixture sowing of alfalfa on pest and natural enemies.The results showed that mixture sowing decreased the population density of aphids and enhanced the population density of lady beetles.The minimum population den-sity in mixture sowing alfalfa was 149 individuals per straw,whereas the maximum population density in mon-oculture alfalfa was 823 individuals per straw.However,mixture sowing had no significant effects on thrips. These results provide important experiment data to support the development of the alfalfa industry and suggest planting patterns for integrated pest management.