谐振致装甲车乘载员肌源性低位背痛发病调查及其相关干预

摘要

Objective To analyze the incidence of myogenic low back pain in the armoured infantry,so as to investigate the impact of resonance on it, as well as the effectiveness of back muscle strength training. Methods With the self-designed questionnaire and the diagnosis standard of myogenic low back pain , 402 cases of armoured infantry undergoing resonance were investigated. The degree of the pain and its incidence were compared in armoured infantry with different specialty and enlist time. By back muscle strength training , the symptomatic relief status was observed. Results The prevalence of low back pain in this population was 12.93%;20.36% for occupant, 7.66% for manning occurrence, the incidence of the two groups was statistically different (P<0.001); 8.21% with Ⅰ degree of pain, 3.98% with Ⅱ degree, 0.75% with Ⅲ degree. Receiving back muscle strength training for 8 weeks, 19 cases had symptomatic relief, while 5 cases had symptomatic relief in group of not received back muscle strength training, and there was none of NLBP case in healthy soldiers who receiving 8 weeks’ back muscle relative strength training. Conclusion Armoured infantry is a high-risk population of myogenic low back pain; Resonance vibration is an important risk factor for myogenic low back pain in the armoured infantry;For most of them with Ⅰ or Ⅱ degree of pain myogenic low back pain can be effectively lightened by back muscle strength training.%目的：对装甲兵肌源性低位背痛进行流行病学调查分析，了解谐振对肌源性低位背痛的影响，以及腰背肌相对肌力训练对改善肌源性低位背痛是否有效。方法采用笔者所在研究所自制调查表及拟定的肌源性低位背痛诊断标准，对某部402例装甲兵发病情况进行调查，比较不同专业和军龄战士发病率及疼痛程度；对患者采取腰背肌相对肌力训练，比较其改善情况。结果该群体中低位背痛的患病率12．93％，乘员发生率20．36％，载员发生率7．66％，两组发病率比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；Ⅰ度疼痛发生率8．21％，Ⅱ度疼痛3．98％，Ⅲ度以上发生率0．75％，三种疼痛级别发生率有显著性差异；腰背肌相对肌力训练作为干预手段（持续8周），患病人群中未干预组有5例症状缓解，干预组有19例症状缓解；健康人群中实施干预后无低位背痛发生。结论装甲兵是肌源性低位背痛高危人群；长期谐振是造成装甲兵肌源性低位背痛重要危险因素；疼痛多为Ⅰ、Ⅱ度；腰背肌相对肌力训练对预防、缓解疼痛及治疗均有效。