儿童脑裂畸形及伴发畸形的 MRI 诊断

摘要

目的：探讨脑裂畸形及伴发畸形的MRI特征。方法回顾性分析19例脑裂畸形患儿的颅脑MRI影像资料，对脑裂畸形及伴发畸形的MRI表现特征进行评价。结果19例患儿中双侧9例（1例为单侧2条），单侧10例，其中开唇型（II型）18条，闭唇型（I型）11条，共29条裂隙。伴发畸形：多微脑回13例；灰质异位7例；巨脑回8例；胼胝体发育不良11例；透明隔缺如9例；蛛网膜囊肿7例，硬膜外积液1例；同一患儿可伴多种神经元移行异常，以局限性多微脑回和局限性巨脑回多见。结论 MRI对儿童脑裂畸形及伴发畸形，尤其是局限性多微脑回、局限性巨脑回等畸形的诊断能提供重要依据。%Objective To investigate the MRI features of schizencephaly and associated malformations in children .Methods MRI data of 19 children with schizencephaly were analyzed retrospectively .MRI features of those children with schizencephaly and asso-ciated malformations were evaluated .Results Of the 19 children with schizencephaly ,9 cases had bilateral (1 case had 2 unilateral) and 10 cases had unilateral.Further,18 cases were open lip (type II) and 11 cases were closed lip (type I) with a total of 29 clefts. Associated malformations were polymicrogyria (n =13),gray matter heterotopic (n =7),pachygyria (n =8),corpus callosum hypo-plasia (n =11),septum pellucidum agenesis (n =9),arachnoid cyst (n =7) and epidural effusion (n =1).One individual may involve a variety of abnormal neuronal migration with most commonly in focal polymicrogyria and focal pachygyria .Conclusion MRI provides an important reference in diagnosis of schizencephaly and associated malformations in children , especially on malformations such as the focal polymicrogyria and focal pachygyria .