目的：研制一套科学、实用的三级综合医院住院患者护理需求问卷，为评估住院患者实际护理需求提供量化工具。方法以马斯洛“需要层次论”及Pinto“信息需求论”为理论框架，结合文献研究法、深入访谈法、德尔菲专家咨询法确定住院患者护理需求的维度及条目，制定三级综合医院住院患者护理需求调查问卷。结果三级综合医院住院患者护理需求调查问卷包含生理需求、安全需求、爱与归属需求、自尊需求、自我实现需求、信息需求及环境需求7个维度，共58个条目。该问卷的内部一致性信度Cronbach'S 系数为0．923，内容效度（ CVR）为0．864。经相关分析，各维度与总问卷的相关系数在0．811～0．904，各维度之间的相关系数为0．572～0．695。经主成分因子分析，7个共同因子可解释总方差的66．23％。结论采用3种方法研制的住院患者护理需求调查问卷具有良好的信度和效度，可为科学、合理设置护理岗位和配置护理人员。最大限度满足患者需求提供理论依据。%Objective To develop a scientific and practical questionnaire for evaluating the inpatient needs .Methods This study was based on hierarchy of human needs theory and information needs theory .The dimensions and items of the questionnaire were identified by combination with documentation ,deep interview and Delphi expert 's consultation .Results The questionnaire consisted of 58 items and seven dimensions which were physiologica 1,safety,love and belonging ,esteem,self-actualization,information and environ-ment needs .The total Cronbach 's coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.923 ,and the content validity rate was 0.864 .The Correlation be-tween total questionnaire and each dimension were 0.811~0.904 .The Correlation among each dimension were 0.572~0.695 .Princi-ple components analysis method was used to extract 7 components and the cumulative contribution of variance was 69.59%.Conclusion The questionnaire has acceptable reliability and validity .It can provide a theoretical basis for scientific and reasonable allocation of nursing staff and nursing post setting , and the maximum to meet the needs of patients as well .
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