用户参与电力需求响应的从众影响研究

摘要

The popularization of the bidirectional interactive technology in smart grid enables consumers to change from passive re⁃ceivers of electric power to the active participants in the power grid oper⁃ation, which can interact with the power grid. Demand response is the main realization form of power consumers to participate in power grid in⁃teraction. However, whether it is price⁃based demand response or incen⁃tive⁃based demand response, the willingness for different power con⁃sumers to participate in are not identical. Under a certain demand incen⁃tive signal, the consumers would be influenced by social environment, feedback from other users and so on, which presents a character of con⁃formity. Focusing on the demand response process of the power consum⁃ers, this paper utilizes correlation matrix and weight coefficients to illus⁃trate the interaction of familiar and unfamiliar power consumers. Com⁃bined with the psychological theory of conformity in sociology, this paper establishes the model of conformity behavior when power consumers participate in demand response. Considering social influence and per⁃sonal subjective tendency, based on the conformity behavior model, this paper establishes the participation degree model for power consumers to participate in demand response, and carries out the case simulation in or⁃der to verify the model.%双向互动智能电网技术的普及使得电网受端的电力用户从被动接受电力能源的消费者转变为可以与电网互动的、电网运行的主动参与者。需求响应即是电力用户参与电网互动的主要实现形式。然而无论是价格型需求响应或者是激励型需求响应，不同电力用户参与的意愿各不相同。对于一定的外界需求响应刺激信号，用户在参与过程中往往受到社会环境、其他用户反馈等的影响，从而呈现出从众的特征。针对电力用户参与需求响应的过程，运用关联矩阵及权重表征熟识及陌生用户间相互影响，结合社会学中的从众心理理论，建立电力用户参与需求响应的从众行为模型。基于社会影响与个人主观倾向，在从众行为模型的基础上建立电力用户参与需求响应参与度模型，并通过软件对场景案例进行仿真，验证模型的合理性。