为解决冬季常温冷轧钢板脱脂中,由于水温低,造成水基脱脂剂洗净率低,易发泡的问题,在3℃下研究了两种嵌段醇醚非离子表面活性剂复配体系的去污性能及其清洗液的泡沫行为,以及聚三元羧酸酯(H5768)、硼酸三乙醇胺酯的复配体系对钢材的缓蚀作用.结果表明,开发了在低温下低泡、高效、防锈及环保的水基冷轧钢板脱脂剂最佳配方为:10％ ～ 15％氢氧化钠,0.8％ ～ 2.0％无水偏硅酸钠,5％ ～8％葡萄糖酸钠,2％ ～4％ H5768,1％ ～ 3％硼酸三乙醇胺酯,1％ ～ 3％ PAA,5％ ～8％WP173,2％ ～ 4％ RPE3110,53.0％ ～73.2％水.在3℃及以上温度下脱脂剂无泡,且能有效抑制清洗中由于油污皂化引起的泡沫,3％脱脂剂,清洗2 min,对冷轧钢板洗净率可达99％以上,对铸铁、碳钢及合金钢有很好的防锈性能,各项性能符合JB/T4323.1-1999标准.%In order to solve the problem that the water based degreasing agent has low cleaning efficiency and easy foaming when the cold-rolled steel sheeet is degreased in winte under room temperature,the cleaning performance and foaming behavior of two kinds of block alcohol ether nonionic surfactant mixtures and the corrosion inhibition of mixed system containing three carboxylic ester (H5768) and triethanolamine borate on steel were studied under 3 ℃.Results showed that the optimum formula for the water based degreasing agents with low foam,high efficiency,anti-rust and environmental friendly under low temperatures was as follows:sodium hydroxide 10 ～ 15％,anhydrous sodium metasilicate 0.8 ～2％,sodium gluconate 5 ～ 8％,H5768 2 ～ 4％,triethanolamine borate 1 ～ 3％,PAA 1 ～ 3％,WP173 5 ～ 8％,RPE3110 2 ～4％,water 53 ～73.2％.The degreasing agents had no foam and could effectively inhibit the foam caused by saponification of oil during the cleaning process when the temperature was not lower than 3 ℃.When the degreasing agent concentration was 3％ and cleaning time was 2 min,the cleaning efficiency for steel sheet could reach to more than 99％,and the anti-rust performances for cast iron,carbon steel and alloy steel were very good,all the performances could conform to the standard JB/T4323.1-1999.
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