冬季亚麻在南方重金属污染农田的利用前景

摘要

日趋严重的土壤重金属污染问题已经引起世界各国的高度重视.在我国,尤其是长江中下游地区、珠江三角洲地区和东北老工业区的土壤重金属污染令人担忧,而长江中下游地区冬闲耕地总面积约为2000万hm2,占耕地总面积的45％左右.冬闲耕地的分布和重金属污染区域有高度重叠性.利用种植重金属富集能力强的农作物进行植物修复是治理农田重金属污染的主要方法.国内外大量研究表明,亚麻对重金属污染具有较强的耐受性,并且其主要功用是纤维,不进入食物链,在南方冬闲耕地种植可以创造可观的经济效益,是一种在重金属污染耕地边修复边利用的理想农作物.%Heavy metal pollution of soil has been more and more serious and attracts much attention nowadays.The problem is very severe in China,especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,the Pearl River Delta region and the northeast old industrial areas.However,the area of winter agricultural fallow is up to 20 million hm2 in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,accounting for 45％ in the total area of farmland.The winter fallow distribution has a high degree of overlap with heavy metal polluted areas.Up to now,phytoremediation is the main method to control heavy metal pollution in farmland.Flax is one of the world's three important fiber crops and one of the top five oil crops.Many studies have shown that flax has strong tolerance to heavy metal pollution,and flax is also an ideal crop for the remediation of heavy metal pollution as it could create considerable economic benefits through cultivating on heavy metal polluted winter fallow farmland in South China.