西方特色小镇自组织机制解读

摘要

中国特色小镇的开发模式大多为单一的政府主导,而西方国家的特色小镇却往往是以自下而上自组织机制发展而来,拥有以社会力量主导的城镇发展动力机制.文章首先介绍了复杂系统自组织现象的内涵和对社会力的评定标准;其次,以4个西方国家特色小镇为例,按照自组织理论体系详细解读了来自个体或团体的社会力量对特色小镇转型所起的决定性引领作用和连带效应;最后,提出了一些培育、激发和保护社会力动力机制的建议,供中国特色小镇开发建设借鉴,旨在促进规划从单一向多元理性、从控制向引导、从机械到有机的模式转变.%Different from the government-oriented mode of China,many western characteristic towns are self-organized operated by social forces.Firstly,the paper introduces the connotation of self-organization and evaluation standard of social force.Secondly,the paper takes four western characteristic towns as examples,analyzes the social force effect on the transformation of characteristic towns with self-organization system.At last,the paper suggests that China should build a social-oriented mode for the construction of characteristic towns.