The development of technologies for processing sulfur sour crudes in China is reviewed in respect of; (1) Expanded capacity for processing low-quality crudes. Not only the capacity for processing low-quality crude is greatly increased but also the configurations of process units of refineries are optimized. (2) Improved electro-static desalting technology. (3) The materials of equipment and piping are greatly upgraded. As proper material selection is very important in processing sour/high-sulfur or acidic/high-TAN crude, "Guidelines for Material Selection in Equipment and Piping Design of Process Units Processing High-Sulfur Crudes" ( SH/T 3096-2010 ) and " Guidelines for Material Selection in Equipment and Piping Design of Process Units Processing High-TAN Crudes" (SH/T 3129-2010) have been revised. The recommendation and application of these guidelines have played an important role in standardization of material selection for equipment and piping in the units processing sour/high-sulfur and acidic/high-TAN crudes. (4 ) Successful development and commercial application of desulfurization and deacidification state-of-the-art technologies, such as SSR sulfur recovery process developed by Shandong Sunway Petrochemical Engineering Co. , Ltd. , ZHSR sulfur recovery process developed by Zhenhai Petrochemical Engineering Co. , and catalytic cracking deacidification process developed by Research Institute of Petroleum Processing (RIPP). In addition, a large number of processes and technologies of heavy oil processing, VGO hydrotreatment, hydrocracking, deep diesel desulfurization and selective gasoline hydrogenation, etc have been developed for production of Euro-IV and Euro-V clean gasoline and diesel. Basic comments on processing high-sulfur and high-TAN crudes based upon existing technologies both in China and abroad are provided, and the following recommendations are made: (1) Provision of sufficient sulfur recovery and sulfur production capacities; ( 2 ) Highlighting heavy or residue oil processing; (3) Provision of sufficient hydroprocessing capacities; (4) Improvement of corrosion-resistance performance of process equipment; ( 5 ) Greater attention to environmental protection.%综述国内含硫/含酸原油加工技术进展情况,主要体现在以下几个方面:(1)扩大了劣质原油加工能力,2000-2010年,不仅劣质原油加工能力得到很大提升,炼油企业工艺装置结构也加快了调整.(2)电脱盐技术水平显著提高.(3)装置设备、管线材质大幅提高.合理选材在加工含硫/高硫或含酸/高酸原油时是一项非常重要的措施.修订了《高硫原油加工装置设备和管道设计选材导则》(SH/T 3906-2010)和《高酸原油加工装置设备和管道设计选材导则》( SH/T 3129-2010).这些选材导则和推荐用材意见对指导与规范国内炼油企业加工含硫/高硫、含酸/高酸原油设备、管线选材用材起到了一定的促进作用.(4)开发和推广了一批脱硫和脱酸新技术.例如,山东三维石化工程公司开发的SSR硫黄回收技术；镇海石化工程公司在引进荷兰Comprimo公司70 kt/a硫黄回收技术的基础上,创新开发的ZHSR硫黄回收技术；石油化工科学研究院开发的原油全馏分催化裂化脱酸技术等.在工艺方面开发了一批重油加工、蜡油加氢处理、加氢裂化、柴油深度脱硫以及汽油选择性加氢生产符合欧Ⅳ、欧V排放标准的清洁汽油和柴油技术.结合国内外技术现状和经验,介绍了加工高硫和高酸劣质原油的基本体会,指出应加强以下几方面的工作:(1)配备足够的硫回收和制硫能力.(2)重油加工是考虑的重点.(3)需要配备足够的加氢能力.(4)提高工艺设备的防腐能力.(5)重视环境保护工作.
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