焦化炉管内工艺计算数学模型的开发及应用

摘要

针对减压渣油在延迟焦化炉管内复杂的流动、反应过程，运用物料、能量及动量平衡，开发了焦化炉管内工艺计算数学模型，可计算渣油沿炉管轴向的组成、温度、压力、汽化分率及转化率分布。结果表明：模型计算值与某炼油厂焦化炉实际操作数据的偏差较小，温度、压力、汽化分率等参数沿炉管的变化规律也与经验认识吻合；模型用于不同注汽工况及加热炉进料波动工况分析，可为延迟焦化加热炉的优化设计及操作提供理论指导。%The fluid flow and reaction of vacuum residue in delayed coking heater was investigated. Based on the balance of mass,heat and momentum,a mathematic model for process calculation in de﹣layed coking heater tube was established. The temperature,pressure,composition and vaporizing frac﹣tion along axial direction of the tubes were calculated by the model. The results of calculation agree well with the data of actual operation on some delayed coking heater and are in accordance with the experi﹣ence knowledge. The model can be used in different working conditions of steam inj ection and furnace feed fluctuation and provide theoretical guidance for the optimized design and operation of delayed coking furnace.