The properties of Tahe crude oil produced in 2008-2014 were analyzed to investigate the reasons for difficult demulsification.The analysis reveals a inferior trend in crude quality year by year due to increased asphaltene content and the mechanical impurities while decreased mass ratio of resin/asphaltene,which may be the reasons accounting for difficult demulsification of Tahe crude oil.The oil soluble demulsifier RP-04 was developed by mixing polyacrylate polyether,a main agent with alkyl phenolic polyether A,an aid agent.The water soluble demulsifier RP-05 was obtained by compositing the main agent 05-M with aid agent R30 which has the effect that makes the iron particles wetting.The RP-04 and RP-05 were used jointly in a 3.5 Mt/a desalting unit of a refinery.The results show that in the steady operation conditions of high water injection rate and high mixing intensity,the salt content of treated oil decreases from 10.5 mgNaC1/L to 5-6 mgNaC1/L without desalting current jump.%针对塔河原油电脱盐过程中破乳效果不理想的情况,对2008-2014年塔河原油的性质进行了分析.结果表明,塔河原油性质呈现逐年劣质化的变化趋势,特别是沥青质含量上升、胶质与沥青质的质量比降低、机械杂质含量增加,这些变化是导致其破乳难度加大的主要原因.通过实验研究,将烷基酚醛聚醚A助剂与聚丙烯酸聚醚主剂复配,得到油溶性破乳剂RP-04;将05-M主剂与对含铁颗粒具有润湿作用的R30助剂复配,得到水溶性破乳剂RP-05.在加工塔河原油的某炼油厂3.5 Mt/a电脱盐装置上的工业应用试验结果表明,RP-04和RP-05联合使用时具有较好的破乳效果,在试验稳定期,可以将脱后原油的盐含量从试验前的10.5 mgNaCl/L降低到5～6 mgNaCl/L,能够实现在高注水和高混合强度条件下的正常破乳,而没有导致电流的突然升高.
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