重质原油膜强化传质预处理技术试验研究

摘要

Pretreatment of heavy crude oil is generally difficult. The operation of two sets of desal-ting devices in Tahe Co.,is poor,and the average content of salt basically remains at 10—12 mgNaCl/L. It brings great difficulties to the corrosion prevention and safe operation of the subsequent distillation and hydrogenation units. Tahe heavy crude oil pretreatment(desalination)was tested using an enhanced mass transfer fiber membrane technology to investigate the influence of temperature,residence time,water injection rate,crude feed rate,and drainage recycle on desalination efficiency. The results were com-pared with the data of the oil from the third electrical desalter of industrial unit. It is clear that the de-salting effect of membrane pretreatment technology has a certain advantage in desalination of heavy crude oil over the comparison object. Some suggestions are put forward for the application of mem-brane technology.%重质原油预处理一般难度较大.以加工塔河重质原油为主的中国石化塔河炼化有限责任公司两套电脱盐装置运行效果一直不佳,脱盐后原油盐含量平均值基本维持在10~12 mgNaCl/L,给后续常减压蒸馏等装置的防腐和安全运行带来了很大难度.进行了纤维膜传质技术在塔河重质原油预处理(脱盐)方面的试验,考察了温度、停留时间、注水量、空速、切水回注等条件对脱盐效果的影响.与工业装置三级电脱盐效果相比较,膜强化传质预处理技术在重质原油脱盐方面有一定的优势.对膜强化传质预处理技术的优化和工业应用提出了一定的意见和建议.