三参数小波变换瞬时属性分析及应用

摘要

针对薄层反射地震信号含有快速变化的振幅和频率分量的特点,研究了新的分析小波——三参数小波,并基于三参数小波变换提出了在相空间计算地震瞬时属性的方法.三参数小波有3个可调参数,对信号做小波分析时有很高的自由度,能够很好地匹配地震子波或给定的有效信号,三参数小波与BMSW小波或其他小波相比具有更好的时域局部化性质.实际应用效果表明,三参数小波变换地震瞬时属性比Hilben变换瞬时属性有更高的信噪比和分辨率,基于三参数小波变换的地震瞬时属性分析方法是识别薄层砂体的有效手段.%In views of characteristics of the quickly changed amplitudes and frequency components in reflected seismic signals in thin formations, the new analyzing wavelet-three-parameter wavelet is studied and moreover on the basis of the transformation of the above wavelet, the method of calculating seismic instantaneous attributes within the facies space is presented. There are three adjustable parameters in the three-parameter wavelet, therefore there is greatly high freedom when analyzing the signals with the help of the wavelets, and furthermore the seismic wavelets or given effective signals can be much better matched; by comparing the three-parameter wavelets and BM-SW wavelet or other wavelets, there are much better partialized properties in the time domain. The actual practical effects show that there are greatly higher signal-noise ratio and resolution for seismic instantaneous attributes by three-parameter wavelet transformation comparing with the instantaneous attributes by Hilbert transformation. The analyzing method of seismic instantaneous attributes based on three-parameter wavelet transformation is an effective way to identify the sandbodies in thin formations.