中国超深层构造型大气田高效开发策略

摘要

通过对中国超深层构造型大气田开发的跟踪分析,从影响开发技术政策制定的地质与生产动态特征出发,提出实现气田高效开发的策略.依据储集层基质物性、裂缝发育程度以及基质与裂缝匹配关系的差异,将气藏储集层划分为单孔单渗、双孔双渗和双孔单渗3种类型,明确了不同类型储集层在不同尺度渗透率、动态与静态储量比值以及水侵风险程度等开发生产特征方面的差异.指出气田开发规模确定和水侵风险快速识别是影响超深层构造型气藏开发效果的主要因素;明确气藏特征并有针对性地制定技术政策是实现高效开发的关键.具体策略包括:进一步强化气藏前期评价技术和内容,通过部署高精度开发地震、分批次部署开发评价井和规模试采,准确认识构造、储集层类型、气水分布等气藏特征,落实可动用储量;合理控制建产节奏,保证前期评价时间,确保评价效果;制定合理开发技术政策,以落实的可动用储量作为开发方案编制的基础,重点考虑水侵风险与基质供气能力两个因素,优化开发井位部署和单井配产;持续加强关键技术研究与攻关.%Through analyzing the development of large ultra-deep structural gas fields in China,strategies for the efficient development of such gas fields are proposed based on their geological characteristics and production performance.According to matrix properties,fracture development degree and configuration between matrix and fi-actures,the reservoirs are classified into three types:single porosity single permeability system,dual porosity dual permeability system,and dual porosity single permeability system.These three types of gas reservoirs show remarkable differences in different scales of permeability,the ratio of dynamic reserves to volumetric reserves and water invasion risk.It is pointed out that the key factors affecting development efficiency of these gas fields are determination of production scale and rapid identification of water invasion.Figuring out the characteristics of the gas fields and working out pertinent technical policies are the keys to achieve efficient development.The specific strategies include reinforcing early production appraisal before full scale production by deploying high precision development seismic survey,deploying development appraisal wells in batches and scale production test to get a clear understanding on the structure,reservoir type,distribution pattern of gas and water,and recoverable reserves,controlling production construction pace to ensure enough evaluation time and accurate evaluation results in the early stage,in line with the development program made according to the recoverable reserves,working out proper development strategies,optimizing pattern and proration of wells based on water invasion risk and gas supply capacity of matrix,and reinforcing research and development of key technologies.