水力振荡器的研制与现场试验

摘要

为了解决水平井钻进过程中摩阻大、托压的问题，提高水平井钻井效率，研制了水力振荡器。依据机械振动理论，井下钻具在一定频率轴向振动时，可以将钻具与井壁之间的静摩擦转变为动摩擦，且动摩擦力小于静摩擦力；水力振荡器是以钻井液作为动力源，驱动振荡器轴向运动带动井下钻柱沿轴向振动。在卫186平142井进行了水力振荡器现场试验，进尺501.00 m ，累计工作时间96 h ，托压减小20～40 kN ，滑动钻进36.77 m ，机械钻速提高54.9％，复合钻进464.23 m ，机械钻速提高23％。现场试验结果表明，应用水力振荡器钻进时能够降低水平井摩阻，减小托压，提高机械钻速。%In order to solve the problem of high friction and backing pressure in the process of horizon-tal well drilling ,and improve the efficiency of horizontal well drilling ,the hydro-oscillator was developmen-ted .Based on the theory of mechanical vibration ,downhole equipment would transfer static friction into ki-netic friction between the drilling tools and borehole wall when the axial vibration is at a certain frequency , and the kinetic friction is smaller than static one .Hydro-oscillator uses drilling fluid as the driving force to drive the creep of drilling tool along the axial direction .It has been tested in Well Wei 186-Ping 142 and drilled 501.00 m in 96 hours .Drag force reduced 20 40 kN less than the normal ,sliding was 36.77 m ,ROP improved by 54.9% ,and complex drilling was 464.23 m ,ROP improved by 23% .The field test showed that the hydro-oscillator could reduce friction and backing pressure so as to improve penetration rate and reduce drilling cycle .